Grind the Seed, or Don't Bother Buying It

A lab in Winnipeg baked flax into muffins three ways and fed them to people for three months. Only two of the three groups got anything out of it.

Go look in your cupboard. Somewhere behind the rice, there's a fair chance you'll find a bag of flaxseed.

You bought it for a reason. A friend said the little brown seeds were good for your heart, so you sprinkled some on your oats for a week. Nothing happened. The bag drifted to the back of the shelf.

If those seeds were whole, nothing was ever going to happen. Let me explain. They went in one end and came out the other, sealed shut, exactly as they went in. You paid for the seed and ate the shell…

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The Fix Takes Fifteen Seconds

Here's the whole recipe. Buy whole flax seeds. Tip half a cup into a cheap coffee grinder. Count to fifteen. Pour the soft brown meal into a jar, screw the lid on, and put the jar in the freezer.

That's it. Two spoons a day after that, stirred into whatever you already eat. Oats. Plain yogurt. Soup. A smoothie. Pancake batter, if that's your morning.

Brown or golden, it makes no odds. The two look different and carry the same fat, though golden is milder if you're fussy about taste and brown tends to cost less. And this doesn't taste like health food, either. It tastes nutty, close to toasted sesame, and in a bowl of oats it just reads as flavor.

A bag runs about three dollars and lasts a month. So the whole habit costs you a dime a day and one quiet minute on a Sunday…

Three Muffins, Three Months, One Answer

The reason for those fifteen seconds was settled in a hospital lab in Winnipeg, Canada.

Grant Pierce and his team at the St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre wanted a plain answer to a plain question. Does the form of the seed matter? So they baked flax into muffins three ways — whole seeds, ground seeds, and the oil pressed out of them. Healthy men and women then ate a muffin a day for three months. Blood was drawn along the way.

One month in, the ground-seed group had more of the good fat in their blood. The oil group did too. And the whole-seed group? Their level had barely budged.

It was the same seed, at the same dose — about two spoons a day. The only thing that changed was whether the shell had been broken first…

From the lab: In that Winnipeg trial, reported in the Journal of the American College of Nutrition in 2008, both the ground seed and the oil lifted the omega-3 fat in people's blood inside a month. Whole seeds did not.

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The Seed Is Built to Beat You

You see, a flax seed's whole plan in life depends on not being digested.

A bird eats it, flies off, and drops it in a fresh field. For that to work, the seed has to come out the far end in one piece. So it wears a hard, slick coat your teeth slide off and your gut can't crack open.

Take a look at what's sealed inside. Flax is one of the richest plant sources of an omega-3 fat your body cannot build for itself. You have to eat it, or you don't get it at all.

The National Institutes of Health puts the daily mark at 1.1 grams for women and 1.6 grams for men. One spoon of the ground seed carries roughly a gram and a half. Two spoons covers anybody, with room to spare.

What does your body do with it? Every cell you own is wrapped in a thin skin built out of fat. The kind of fat on your plate helps decide how that skin behaves — how soft it stays, how well it lets things pass in and out. Your brain and your eyes hold more of these fats than any other part of you.

What It Won't Do

Now for the part the sellers skip. Flax is not a swap for fish.

That same Winnipeg trial also looked for the two omega-3s that fish oil is famous for. Neither one went up. Your body turns only a sliver of the plant fat into those two, and this study showed it plainly. So if your doctor has you on fish oil, keep taking it.

What the seed does hand you is the one omega-3 that counts as essential — the one no body can make on its own. And it shows up wrapped in fiber, for pennies, in a form you can keep in a jar.

The Most Useful Plant There Is

People have grown flax for about as long as they have grown anything at all. Its old Latin name says it flat out: Linum usitatissimum. Flax, the most useful.

The stalk was spun into linen. Egyptians wound their dead in it. Pressed oil from the seed burned in lamps and later went into paint, which is why stale flax smells faintly of a painted wall.

And the seed itself? Old healers kept it for a slow, sore gut. They knew nothing about fats. But they had noticed that the crushed seed, left to sit in water, turns slick and soothing. On that point they were right.

Here's what they had that we lost. A stone mill cracked every seed by default. Nobody in 1300 swallowed a whole flax seed by accident…

Three Things Worth Knowing at the Store

01

Buy Them Whole. Crush Them Yourself.

Pre-ground flax has been sitting in a bag with air in it, and this fat spoils faster than most. Fresh meal smells nutty and a little sweet. Old flax smells like oil paint. Trust your nose, and toss it if it's off.

02

Do a Week at a Time.

Heat, light and air are what turn it, so keep the batches small. Half a cup runs about a week for two people. A jar with a tight lid in the freezer holds it in good shape, and you can spoon it straight out cold.

03

Drink a Glass of Water With It.

Crushed flax soaks up water, and that's part of how it helps a slow gut move. Start with one spoon a day for a few days, then go to two. If you take a blood thinner or have a bowel condition, run it past your doctor first.

HERE'S WHAT I'D DO THIS WEEK

  • Buy a bag of whole flax. Brown or golden, either one. Under four dollars in most stores.

  • Crush half a cup on Sunday. Fifteen seconds in a coffee grinder. Jar it, lid it, freezer.

  • Stir two spoons into breakfast, every day. Oats, yogurt, a smoothie, even toast with peanut butter. Have a glass of water with it.

  • Leave the oil on the shelf for now. The whole crushed seed brings the fiber that the oil leaves behind.

Those Winnipeg muffins were one recipe made three ways. Everybody in that study did as they were told, every day, for three months. One group simply ate a seed that was never opened, and their blood said so.

The bag in your cupboard is probably fine. It needs fifteen seconds and a jar.

Crush half a cup this Sunday. Put a spoon in your breakfast every morning after that, and give it a full month before you judge it.

Stay well,
Whole Food Medicine

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